European Union - was established on Nov. 1, 1993 under the Treaty of Maastricht. Economic and political union of democratic European countries (twenty-seven from January 1, 2007.), Which is the result of long process of political integration, economic and social initiated after the Second World War. It is a unique form of this kind in the world having a 30% share of world GDP. provides a case sui generis (special type) in international relations, is a creation that has never existed in world history, and was unknown in the history of international relations. It is a combination of supranational structures (supra, uwspólnotowionych) and intergovernmental (international). It has characteristics of both an international organization, as well as the confederation or even a federal state. Among the theorists of law, political science and international relations dispute lasts for exactly what the EU can be considered. Federalists seek in the country. Supporters of Europe Member (Homelands) show that this is only the cooperation between states. Clashing visions of the separate individual Member States and political doctrines.
Poland is a member of the European Union on 1 May 2004.
basis for the functioning of the EU is the Treaty on European Union (version in force the Treaty of Nice in 2001, having regard to the accession treaties of 2003 and 2006), the European Community Treaty (version in force the Treaty of Nice in 2001, having regard to the accession treaties of 2003 and 2006) and the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community.
Upon ratification (planned second half 2009), the Reform Treaty, will provide the basis for the operation: the Treaty on European Union, the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Importance will also be had a Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, although the same operation does not bring anything. The Lisbon Treaty opens the possibility of adopting the EU Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, but now the Court of Justice ruled this document (because of its fundamental importance to European legislation, philosophy, law, and because all EU member states have ratified the Convention) as being of special importance. Another organization is the basis of Euratom and its operation will be the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community. The European Union has no legal personality.
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